======================================================================== CND Special Report June 30, 1990 Chinese Governmental Documents on Oversea Students (Part 2) ------------------------------------------------------------------------- CND Editor's Note: This and the following package in this series was translated by IFCSS with some polishing by CND staffs. IFCSS = Independent Federation of Chinese Students and Scholars (USA); FCSSC = Federation of Chinese Students and Scholars in Canada. ------------------------------------------------------------------------- A Summary of Speeches Made by Leading Officials on the Meeting of Education Consuls (Conselors) of Chinese Embassies and Consulates Note: In March, 1990, the State Education Commission Convened a meeting of educational counselors (consuls) in Chinese embassies and consulates. Speakers included He Dongchang, vice chairman of the State Education Commission, Teng Teng (on propaganda program prepared by the Party's Ministry of Propaganda), officials from the Ministry of Public Security and the Ministry of National Security (on policies concerning the Front for Democracy in China, the Chinese Alliance of Democracy, and other organizations), Zuo Zhengfeng from the Foreign Ministry (on policies concerning the United States and Canada), officials from the Party's Department of Organization (on Party organizations among the Chinese students and scholars in the United States and Canada). He Dongchang summed up the main points presented at the meeting and an abstract of the meeting was signed by Li Peng. The content of the meeting, which closely concerns the Chinese students and scholars in the United States and Canada, is introduce in several subjects as follows: I. International and Domestic Situations * The basic theory of Marx's scientific socialism is not wrong; the idea that Marxism-Leninism is out of date must be firmly criticized. * The changes in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe did not represent the mainstream of history; they are serious setbacks in the development of Socialism. * The failure of Ceausescu the result of his disassociation from the masses, the poor management of economy and the Soviet Intervention. * The present international situation is similar to that of the 1894 -- 1914 period, when capitalism made some headway in a peaceful environment and the international labor movement was disrupted by the opportunists that emerged from the (Communist) Second International. * The "new thinking" of Gorbachev is a more thorough negation of Stalin and is not doing any good to the international Communist movement. * The changes in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe have brought about difficulties. The hard time for the peoples of these countries has just begun. Economic reform cannot be accomplished in an unstable situation. Eastern Europe's foreign debts total 170 billion and the current foreign loans are just enough to pay the interests. Poland's open market policy is unworkable economically. The Soviet Union also faces the problem of Lithuania. Now each West German state is helping one East German district, Bavaria is helping Hungry and Czechoslovakia. Except for East Germany, other Eastern European countries are going to have a hard time. * The Soviet Union is confronted with critical social and nationality crises. The economy has deteriorated and many anti-Communist organizations appeared. * China will continue its reform road, but is not Social Democratism, but an self-perfection of Socialism. * The strong point of our Party is that it has not been influenced by Social Democratism. The ten-year reform has been fruitful, otherwise we would not have been able to resist this worldwide upheaval. * Institutions of high education constituted the area that was hit most by the disaster. Only one third of them carried on routine work. A considerable proportion of grassroot organizations lacked combat strength and was involved in the riot. In a few universities, the riot was endorsed by the authorities, such as Shenzhen University, whose President has been removed from his post by Guangdong province. * After the incident of Romania, counter-revolutionary slogans have increased. The changes in the Soviet Union, apparently quiet, also had some influence in China. * During the winter vacation, high school students conducted surveys. The people were basically contented, especially about the price and the anti-pornography campaign. However, there was still discontent about the corruptions in the Party. * The the corruptions in the Party should be exposed, but it is not allowed to negate the leadership of the Party in the name of anti- corruption. * In the past ten years, news media failed to provide proper guidance for the public opinion. * The negation of Mao Zedong thought means the negation of the history of the Chinese Communist Party. In the Soviet Union Stalin was negated thoroughly. * Last year we won a great political victory; economy and the ideological front have also taken a better turn, and yet we cannot expect an immediate improvement of the situation. It will take a long time. * At the domestic market, the price of food has dropped while that of the clothing risen. The industry is facing difficulties; Purchase powers of consummers and enterprices have been curbed. In Jiangxi province, dinners and banquets held at public expense has dropped by 80 percent. At present, the market is slack, large quantities of products are piling up. For instance, the No. 1 Auto Factory has 30,000 vehicles to be sold. Nevertheless, last year's agricultural output was better than the year before. * 3.5% workers have been laid off at the national level and some of them will have to go back to rural areas. Electric machinery is suffering the greatest difficulties. II. Policy Concerning the Chinese Students and Scholars in the United States and Canada and Instruction to Embassies and Consulates * The work on exchange students and scholars should be given a higher regard and be perceived as an international struggle and an and a struggle against brain-drain. We should hold high the banner of patriotism and at the same time, expose and strike at the small group of people. This is a long struggle. The diplomats are carrying out an arduous task fighting in the front. Now it is a struggle of life and death. Every embassy, every individual has to rely on their own and, consequently, it is allowed in many cases to take actions without first asking for instructions. * The United States is holding the exchange students and scholars as hostages, so we should not push them over. Our embassy people must view this problem from the standpoint of a struggle and should not limit their work to routine management of student affairs. * It is impossible to bring all the exchange students back. We should be realistic. Our policy is to expand progressive force, win over the middle-roaders, and isolate the reactionary. Our struggle should be based on righteousness, benefit, and constraint. In a way, the Party work is underground. Party organizations in the US can not openly conduct their activities. * There are exchange students who love the motherland, but they do not like socialism very much. We should look at this correctly and work hard on them, letting them see that the situation in China is improving. * We must expand the first category, protect them and support them, even if they only make up only a few percent. We must correctly treat those who have wavered and distinguish them from those who are anti- government. The people we rely on can be divided into two types, those who have been always steadfast and those who have wavered once before. * Our policy must be exemplified with the second, the third, and part of the fourth categories. We can set up a few good examples in regard to the problem of their passport extensions. * The battle [against anti-government forces] must be well calculated. There is no hurry to deal blows to those who are still hidden. The battle should be divided into different stages and our first targets should be those who are not looked upon even by righteous Americans. * The lesson to be drawn in the case of the United States is that the Party's work failed to follow up promptly. Those who stand firm with us should be organized, those who are not so firm can be kept in touch, whereas those who are reactionary should be done away with. Our goal is to make most patriotic and some return. It will be worth the effort if we can have even a few percentage of people [to return] who still hold socialist ideas. * We must try hard to win over the masses in between and our slogans and aims must be appropriate. Do not say that the majority of exchange students have no feelings for the motherland. They only want to stay a little longer and save up more money, which weakness was explored by the Independent Federation of Chinese Students and Scholars (IFCSS). We must inspire the students with patriotism. * Student work should give priority to development of Party organiza- tions and gain control of the Friendship Associations of Chinese Students and Scholars in local schools. We must oppose the activities of IFCSS, FDC (Federation for Democracy in China) and CAD (Chinese Alliance for Democracy). * We have to speak in two different tones. Publicly, we talk about patriotism and lawfulness. To Party members and other backbone members we should also talk about socialism and Communism. Some backbone members should be placed in the third echelon and remain under-cover. They must be ready to replace those in the second echelon. * We should form some intermediary organizations, such as clubs devoted to entertainment and recreation activities. They should not sing a high tune; instead, they are used to unite those middle-roaders who are inclined to side with us. * It must be said in the open statements that the government has no intention to abandon the students and withdraw the demand that they return to serve the motherland. It is understandable that they are not returning in the immediate future due to various reasons. If they think they need more time, we can extend their stay. We can also help those who have difficulties. We believe that the majority are patriotic; we will be happy to see them return; however, if they choose to stay we will not press them to come back. Then we can set good examples by extending passports for a few students. * Some have changed their J-1 visas into F-1 visas and these can be treated as self-supported students. However, distinctions must be made; some can be allowed to renew passports. We welcome them to pay back the training fee; if they do not pay, we will not force them. We can overlook such trivialities. In that case they owe us our kindness, but it must be made clear what is right and what is wrong. No matter whether they pay it or not, they are wrong for not returning. For a small group of people (about 10%), their passports should be handled on individual basis. As for the reactionary backbone members, their exchange student status, Party membership, job status back at home should all be suspended. They should not be allowed to come back to China. The majority still love the motherland and this feeling will play on them in the long run. Their life in the West is not easy. (To be continued.) ------------------------------------------------------------------------- To subscribe to China News Digest, send "SUB CHINA-NN your name" to listserv@asuacad.bitnet. To Sign off, send "SIGNOFF CHINA-NN" to same address. In Canada, send all requests to xliao@ccm.umanitoba.ca. ------------------------------------------------------------------------- ======================================================================== 248 Received: from OHSTVMA.IRCC.OHIO-STATE.EDU by KENTVM.BITNET (Mailer R2.07) with BSMTP id 5701; Mon, 02 Jul 90 08:53:56 EDT Received: by OHSTVMA (Mailer R2.07) id 6810; Mon, 02 Jul 90 08:52:52 EDT Date: Mon, 2 Jul 90 01:03:48 -0500 Reply-To: CHINA-NN@ASUACAD Sender: China News Network <CHINA-NN@ASUACAD.BITNET> Comments: <Parser> W: Field "Resent-From:/From:" duplicated. Last occurence was retained. Comments: <Parser> W: Field "From:" duplicated. Last occurence was retained. Comments: <Parser> W: Field "FROM:" duplicated. Last occurence was retained. From: cnd-editor@bronze.ucs.indiana.edu Subject: China News Digest Special Report, July 1, 1990 To: HANG NING <CLIN@KENTVM.BITNET>, DAWEI LI <DLI@KENTVM.BITNET>, D TUAN <DTUAN@KENTVM.BITNET>, CND READER <GUOSHAN%IITVAX@KENTVM.BITNET>, Xu Gang <GXU@KENTVM.BITNET> * * * C H I N A N E W S D I G E S T * * * Special Report July 1, 1990 Chinese Governmental Documents on Oversea Students (Part 3) ------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Continued from yesterday.) * As for those who have been naturalized, so long as they correct their mistakes with action (to return to China), we will not hold them responsible. * We will temporarily suspend state-sponsored exchange student programs with the United States and Canada and only send visiting scholars. For those who hold job positions, if their work units do not agree to let them go to visit their spouses abroad, they can be allowed to quit the job. Do not call it expulsion. If 5% exchange students come back, it will be even better than 100%, because this 5% has been tempered in the fire. * Effort must be made to ensure the first category of students will all return. We have to keep in touch with the academic front. Those who return should be properly assigned. From now on, we should stop sending these young people out. A total of 7,000 have gone from 36 institutions. As a result, the work in these schools has been affected. * It is not right to send the students abroad before they work at home and gain some knowledge of the situation in China. This has made it difficult to recruit graduate students at home. Because of the "five-year" provision, many do not want to pursue graduate studies. They only want to use the domestic graduate programs as a spring-board to enable them to go abroad, so it is better not have to them into graduate programs. It must be made clear that students must work at home first before they go abroad or that they are only allowed to receive training at home. * The practice of sending abroad students of social sciences is a failure. However, we should tell exchange students that if they can relate what they learned with the situation in China, love the motherland and love socialism, what they have learned will still be useful. * The problem of IFCSS is complicated and should be studied carefully. If we declare that it is a counter-revolutionary organization, how shall we deal the majority of students? We are going to withhold this declaration, but we must strike those ringleaders. We cannot allow them to hold the reins. * On January 7th, the Ministry of Public Security declared that the passports of Wan Runnan, Chen Yizi, and Yan Jiaqi have been voided. There are over one hundred ringleaders in FDC, CAD and IFCSS. We shall contacte the Foreign Ministry and the Ministry of Public Security to void their passports at different stages, mainly: 1) the top leaders who took as their goal to overthrow socialism and subvert the government, such as the core figures of FDC, CAD and the Liberal Democratic Party; 2) those who have instigated riots, conspired, organized, attended or provided materials for the U.S. Congressional hearings; 3) those who publicly seeked political asylum; 4) leaders of the newspapers and radio stations that persist in opposing the government and the Party and openly carry anti-Party messages; 5) those who collude with anti-China, anti-communist forces both at home and abroad and work hard to seek donations. First blow can be dealt to five or six people in the first category. We should single out those whose reputation has been compromised, such as Wu'er Kaixi. * In dealing with IFCSS lobbying activities, we should say that it is understandable that the majority got involved in order to stay, but the ringleaders, such as Liu Yongchuan and Han Lianchao, should be dealt with harshly. * To strike the ringleaders, we should give them a bad name. During the anti-Japanese war, we used the name "Han Jian" (traitors to China). Now we must think of a name that has a resounding effect; we cannot use the word "dissidents" for them. * After we adjust our policies to the reality, we must unite more students around us so as to prevent the United States repeat its tricks. The current policy is made on the basis of the different forces among the students. What we try to accomplish is to win over the middle- roaders, strike at one extreme and consolidate the other. III. Party Organizations Among Exchange Students * Organize those Party members who have stood firm to have regular Party activities, three to five in a group.In cases where necessary conditions are not met, keep in touch on a person-to-person basis. Those who are not clear in their minds should be kept in touch with designated members and being watched; if there are no positive signs,their party membership can be suspended for some time. * As for those members who have obtained permanent residence permits (mainly in Canada), as long as they still love the motherland, their membership shall not be revoked and they can be regarded as special members. The membership of those who have accepted Western ideas and openly opposed the Party should be revoked. * Those who violated the Party principles and encouraged others to withdraw from the Party should be expelled. Party membership abroad should be handled according to concrete circumstances. Those who are willing to withdraw from the Party may be allowed to do so after it has been confirmed. Those who withdrew their membership because of confusion or threat but later on requested to repeal their renouncement should be dealt with on an individual basis, such as taking some disciplinary measures or putting on observation. Those whose signatures were put on the declaration of renouncement without their own knowledge should not be counted as having renounced their membership. * Strengthen Party organization. Kick out some and let some withdraw. Get good members organized, they may also be kept in touch on a person- to-person basis. Party members must receive training before going abroad and their organizational relations should be handed over to the embassies and consulates. * A document issued in 1981 provided that if a member has lived an extended period abroad, his or her membership should be suspended and put in another category during Party census. If a state-sponsored student or scholar does not keep in touch with us or fails to pay membership fee for one year, he or she should be regarded as having voluntarily given up their membership. * Party organizations exist to carry out struggles, during which they substain vitality. Only when Party organizational work is well done can we successfully manage the students. In the United States and Canada, Party organizations have collapsed and there are no longer Party activities, but Party members are still there. Those who joined the Party with the intention to change it cannot be regarded as Party members. * The first thing on our agenda is to control Party organization; the second is to control Friendship Association of Chinese Students and Scholars in local schools. Our demands should not be too high or pressing. We can work like underground organizations, find a few reliable ones in each school and form a Party branch. The backbone members can stay abroad. IV. Sino-American and Sino-Canadian Relations * During his talk about the restoration of Fulbright Exchange Program with China, Osenburg said that the Americans did not wish Chinese students to stir up riots. * At present, the Sino-American relations has plunged to their bottom since the low ebb after the "June 4th event". The U.S. government did not respond strongly to the lift of the martial law, although it expressed some signs of general welcome. The Report on Human Rights brought about new strains on the bilateral relations. We cannot expect that the relationships will improve in the near future. * In U.S. the previous consensus of the two political Parties on the China policy now split into two rival opposites. One side deems that China has lost its vital position in the big triangle or at least the position has been largely weakened. At present, the reforms are declining. Modernization needs capital, and techniques, for which China largely depends on the U.S.. Therefore, economic sanction can force the Chinese government to give in. The other side deems that stick and carrot should be used in combination. Although the triangle position of China declines, its strategic position, which restrains Moscow and exerts influence on the west Asia still cannot be neglected. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain dialogues in the meantime of denouncing the "June 4th event" so as to pull China back to the track of reform. This is the viewpoint of the Bush administration. But the bottom line is that the "June 4th event" should not be disregarded. * Bush's basic policies are: 1) maintain the status quo; 2) keep the pressure; 3) leave some latitude. The goals of the two sides are the same; the difference lies in their assessment of the situations. We may make use of the difference between the two sides. Bush presses us on the issue of the overseas students, and appeases on the issue of the satellite. * The resolution to the issue of overseas students relies largely on the internal factors, and also on the external factors to a certain degree. We should provide adequate explanation for the outside world and exert pressure on the Bush administration. We protested the executive orders of the Bush administration. The further contact with the U.S. government will depend on needs. Bush has two cards in hand: One is the Report on Human Rights and the report about the "five-year provision"; the other is the talk about the most favored nation status next May. The U.S. government regards the issue of the overseas students as a big bomb on us. * We don't have many cards in hand. The Fulbright Exchange Program is one, others are continuation of exchange students, Peace Corps and release of the political prisoners. We do not release our response hastily so that the U.S. government be kept in the dark. Our success in exposing and strucking the leaders of the IFCSS will add the pressure on both the U.S. and Canadian governments. * The "five-year provision" concerning the self-supported students was only announced among ourselves, which seems to be a strike on the U.S. government. We should stick to it. The newspaper "Hua-Sheng Bao" released the entire document. But it is okay to be publicized too. * Without the U.S.'s lifting of sanctions, the Sino-American relation will not improve, and policies concerning exchange students will not change. * The pressure on the Canadian immigration policies should be maintained. Teng Teng and Liu Hua-Qiu are in charge of contacting the Canadian government on this issue. We temporarily suspend sending students to Canada. However, this is not a long-term solution. The difference between the U.S. and Canada is that the U.S. expect the students to come back to help the modernization, but Canada allows immigration so as to plunder Chinese talents. We need to sign an agreement on this issue with the Canadian government in the near future. * The pressure on China will further increase if the U.S. succeed in having their way with the Soviet Unions. (End of the series.) ------------------------------------------------------------------------- To subscribe to China News Digest, send "SUB CHINA-NN your name" to listserv@asuacad.bitnet. To Sign off, send "SIGNOFF CHINA-NN" to same address. In Canada, send all requests to xliao@ccm.umanitoba.ca. -------------------------------------------------------------------------